the general dual for truncation is to raise a peak on the face. Imagine the base is covered by a rubber sheet. The dual expand in edge size from within.
The vertex cause a peak, so you get apiculated Dual.
When the peaks are high egough, the edge of the dual is visible. this gives a edge surtegmated Dual. the facets becom tegumd of the original edges and the original margis(boundary between facets). an so the dual of an ntruncate, becomse a n-appiculate, where the nd surtope of the dual stands above the surface.
The dual of a n-rectate, is a n-surtegmate. These have facets, that are tegum products of n-d surtope of the dual, and s-n surtope of the s-d solid.
the dual of the omnitruncate is to divede the original surface into flags, or vanes, making a vaniate figure,
the dual of the runcinate (pg sence) is the strombiated. The surface becomes antitegums of the marginal.
see eg
http://www.ostfan2.com/gloss/poltytope.pdf.